Global Resistance to Established Power Structures After 1900
Unit 8: c. 1900-Present
Main Ideas:
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While conflict dominated most of the 20th century, some individuals and militarized states sought to intensify this conflict to expand their influence
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While conflict dominated most of the 20th century, some individuals used nonviolence to bring political change
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Some movements used violence against civilians to achieve their political aims
Conflict in 20th Century
Conflict Dominated the 20th Century: Some Groups Intensified it, While Others Opposed It
Key Ideas:
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While conflict dominated most of the 20th century, some individuals and militarized states sought to intensify this conflict to expand their influence
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Francisco Franco, the Fascist Ruler of Spain, promoted violence to allow him to take over Spain
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Augusto Pinochet, a Chilean military general, seized power in a 1973 coup, and he tortured a lot of his dissidents
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Idi Amin was in the Ugandan military & seized power in a 1971 coup; he also killed hundreds of thousands of dissidents
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While conflict dominated most of the 20th century, some individuals used nonviolence to bring political change
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Martin Luther King Jr. used nonviolence to end segregation by law for African-Americans in the US
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Nelson Mandela used nonviolence to end Apartheid (segregation in South Africa)
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Mohandas Gandhi used nonviolence to achieve India's independence
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Some movements used violence against civilians to achieve their political aims
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Al-Qaeda was an Islamic terrorist group that used terrorism to promote its political aim for strict Islamic nationalism
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The September 11 attacks (2001) were done by Al-Qaeda
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Shining Path was the Peruvian Communist Party that killed many people to advance its aim for a communist state
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